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The passage about women remaining silent (NA28 - 1 Corinthians 14:34) is silent with regard to just who or what forbids women from speaking in the congregations. With the addition of just one word, "your," the Byzantine Majority texts answer the question, incidentally resolving a second and more significant ambiguity, "women" or "wives?"
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The Byzantine Majority text makes plain what can only be adduced from the NA28 text: that Paul had not issued an edict, but had addressed the practices of the Corinthian church, and gave those practices short shrift with verse 36.
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| 1 Corinthians 14:34 | DRAFT | TBM Version © 2025 寂路素丹 |
| αι 0 def art: nom fem pl |
... | "the": not used η.ΑΙ (nom) την.τας (acc) της.των (gtv) τη.ταις (dtv) η |
| γυναικες αι, ο) noun: nom fem pl |
‡ women.wives (sbj) | female ✧ woman, wife, concubine, (female) housekeeper ✧ VOCATIVE (respect, affection) mistress, lady γυνη |
| ημων prsnl prnn: gtv pl not in NA28 |
ỹour (pl) | of ỹou, ỹour συ 〆 |
| εν 8 prpstn: dtv |
➇ in | ➇ in εν |
| ταις def art: dtv fem pl |
the (ind obj) | the ※ η. αι (nom); την. τας (acc); της. των (gtv); τη. ΤΑΙΣ (dtv) η |
| εκκλησιαις noun: ταις dtv fem pl |
‡ congregations (indr obj) | εκκλησια |
| ★ The wives in ỹour congregations | More exactly: “Ỹour wives, in the congregations,” | |
| σιγατωσαν vb: prs act imprtv 3pp |
they must conceal ! | say nothing, keep silent, stop speaking ✧ keep secret, conceal σιγαν ^ |
| ★ must remain silent | ||
| ου 1 negating adj |
no, not | ➃ no・not οὐ, οὔ |
| γαρ cnjnctn |
for.because ⇒ | for, because γαρ ^ |
| επιτετραπται vb: pfct mid.psv indctv 3ps NA28: επιτρεπεται vb: prs mid psv indctv 3ps |
he.she.it has gotten <?> permitted . he.she.it gets <?> permitted |
yield, give up, confer, allow, permit, commit.entrust.turn_over to, command, order, instruct επιτρεπω 〆 |
| αυταις pers prnn: dtv fem pl |
them (dr ob) | PERS PRNN FEM PL: nom αυτη; gtv αυτης; dtv αυτη; ACC αυτην αυτη |
| λαλειν vb: prs act infntv |
to speak | speak, talk, say, declare, express, tell, mention, chat, prattle ✧ give voice.tongue λαλεω 〆 |
| ★ for it has not been permitted them to speak | ||
| αλλ 1 cnjnctn (adverse) ✧ advb |
but | ➁ otherwise, on the contrary, contrariwise, and, however, indeed, nevertheless, no, notwithstanding, save, therefore αλλα 〆 |
| υποτασσεσθαι vb: prs mid.psv infntv NA28: υποτασσεσθαι vb: prs mid.psv indctv 3pp |
to get <?> subordinated . they must get <?> subordinated |
to bring under control ✍ to subjugate, subdue, subordinate.place_under, bring into submission, control υποτασσειν ^ |
| ★ but to get <?> subordinated | ||
| καθως advb |
just as | just・even as：insofar as：inasmuch that καθως |
| και 2 cnjnctn |
➁ also, too | ➁ also, too |
| ο 1 def art: nom, masc, sgl |
the (+ sbj) | ➂ " ο " |
| νομος ο. ο) noun: nom masc sgl |
‡ law (sbj) | established principle: usage, custom, norm, principle, ordinance, law, binding regulation, a rule, list of rules ✧ Torah (Genesis to Deuteronomy) νομος ^ |
| λεγει vb: prs act indctv 3ps |
he.she.it does say ✧ is saying | utter, say, speak, tell, narrate, refer to ✧ address, command ✧ categorise.designate ✧ wish, mean (to say) ✧ choose, select, tally λεγειν ^ |
| ★ just as the law also says | more likely: "just as custom also requires." |
The Byzantine Majority text makes plain what can only be adduced from the NA28 text: that Paul had not issued an edict, but had addressed the practices of the Corinthian church, and gave those practices short shrift with verse 36.