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This is where we come to delve into the biblical text. Theology is not our foremost thought, but we realize it is something that will be dealt with in nearly every conversation. Feel free to use the original languages to make your point (meaning Greek, Hebrew, and Aramaic). This is an exegetical discussion area, so please limit topics to purely biblical ones.

This is not the section for debates between theists and atheists. While a theistic viewpoint is not required for discussion in this area, discussion does presuppose a respect for the integrity of the Biblical text (or the willingness to accept such a presupposition for discussion purposes) and a respect for the integrity of the faith of others and a lack of an agenda to undermine the faith of others.

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Proverbs

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  • #91
    Proverbs 2:14a

    Text (BHS):
    הַשְּׂמֵחִים לַעֲשׂוֹת רָע

    Transliteration (Accordance):
    haśśᵉmēḥı̂m laʿᵃśôt rāʿ

    Translation (Waltke):
    those who are joyful in* doing evil
    *The preposition lᵉ with the verbal adjective describes their psychological state and signifies "with regard to" (cf. 17:5), not purpose, "to do evil." ―Waltke, op. cit.

    Glossary & Analysis (meanings in this context):
    ‏‏‏‏‏הַשְּׂמֵחִים (haśśᵉmēḥı̂m) : definite article + Qal m.p. participle of ‏‏‏‏‏שָׂמַח (śāmaḥ) : those who delight.
    ‏‏‏‏‏לַעֲשׂוֹת (laʿᵃśôt) : preposition ‏‏‏‏‏לְ (lᵉ) + Qal infinitive construct of ‏‏‏‏‏עָשָׂה (ʿāśāh) : in doing.
    ‏‏‏‏‏רָע (rāʿ) : pausal pronunciation of ‏‏‏‏‏רַע (raʿ).

    Comment


    • #92
      Proverbs 2:14b

      Text (BHS):
      יָגִילוּ בְּתַהְפֻּכוֹת רָע

      Transliteration (Accordance):
      yāg̱ı̂lû bᵉṯahpuḵôṯ rāʿ

      Translation (Waltke):
      [and] rejoice in evil perversions

      Glossary & Analysis (meanings in this context):
      ‏‏‏‏‏יָגִילוּ (yāg̱ı̂lû) : Qal imperfect 3 m.p. of גִּיל (gı̂l) : [and] rejoice.
      ‏‏‏‏‏בְּתַהְפֻּכוֹת (bᵉṯahpuḵôṯ) : preposition ‏‏‏‏‏בְּ (bᵉ) + noun feminine plural construct of ‏‏‏‏‏תַּהְפֻּכָה (tahpuḵāh) : in the perverseness of.
      ‏‏‏‏‏רָע (rāʿ) : pausal vocalization of ‏‏‏‏‏רַע (raʿ) evil.

      Comment


      • #93
        Proverbs 2:15a

        Text (BHS):
        אֲשֶׁר אָרְחֹתֵיהֶם עִקְּשִׁים

        Transliteration (Accordance):
        ʾᵃšer ʾorḥōṯêhem ʿiqqᵉšı̂m

        Translation (TNIV):
        whose paths are crooked

        Glossary & Analysis (meanings in this context):
        ‏‏‏‏‏אֲשֶׁר (ʾᵃše) : relative whose.
        ‏‏‏‏‏אָרְחֹתֵיהֶם (ʾorḥōṯêhem) : noun masculine plural of ‏‏‏‏‏אֹרַח (ʾōraḥ) + masculine plural suffix : paths.
        ‏‏‏‏‏עִקְּשִׁים (ʿiqqᵉšı̂m) : adjective masculine plural of ‏‏‏‏‏עִקֵּשׁ (ʿiqqēš) : (are) crooked.

        Comment


        • #94
          Proverbs 2:15b

          Text (BHS):
          וּנְלוֹזִים בְּמַעְגְּלוֹתָם

          Transliteration (Accordance):
          ûnᵉlôzı̂m bᵉmaʿgᵉlôṯām

          Translation (TNIV):
          and who are devious in their ways.

          Glossary & Analysis (meanings in this context):
          ‏‏‏‏‏וּנְלוֹזִים (ûnᵉlôzı̂m) : conjunction ‏‏‏‏‏וּ (û) + Niphal participle m.p. of ‏‏‏‏‏לוּז (lūz) : and who are devious.
          ‏‏‏‏‏בְּמַעְגְּלוֹתָם (bᵉmaʿgᵉlôṯām) : preposition ‏‏‏‏‏בְּ (bᵉ) + m.p. of ‏‏‏‏‏מַעְגָּל (maʿg̱āl) + pronominal 3 m.p. suffix : in their tracks/ways.

          Comment


          • #95
            proverbs 2:16a

            Text (BHS):
            לְהַצִּילְךָ מֵאִשָּׁה זָרָה

            Transliteration (Accordance):
            lᵉhaṣṣı̂lḵā mēʾiššā zārāh

            Translation (Waltke):
            to deliver you from the unchaste wife

            Glossary & Analysis (meanings in this context):
            ‏‏‏‏‏לְהַצִּילְךָ (lᵉhaṣṣı̂lḵā) : preposition ‏‏‏‏‏לְ (lᵉ) + Hiphil infinitive construct of ‏‏‏‏‏נָצַל (nāṣal) + 2 m.s. suffix : to deliver you.
            ‏‏‏‏‏מֵאִשָּׁה (mēʾiššā) : preposition ‏‏‏‏‏מִן (min) + ‏‏‏‏‏אִשָּׁה (ʾiššā) : from the wife.
            ‏‏‏‏‏זָרָה (zārāh) : (who is) unchaste.

            Comment


            • #96
              Proverbs 2:16b

              Text (BHS):
              מִנָּכְרִיָּה אֲמָרֶיהָ הֶחֱלִיקָה

              Transliteration (Accordance):
              minnāḵᵉrı̂ā ʾᵃmārêhā heḥᵉlı̂qāh

              Translation (Waltke):
              from the outsider who cause her words to be smooth

              Glossary & Analysis (meanings in this context):
              ‏‏‏‏‏מִנָּכְרִיָּה (minnāḵᵉrı̂ā) : prep. ‏‏‏‏‏מִן (min) + adj. f.s. ‏‏‏‏‏נָּכְרִיָּה (nāḵᵉrı̂ā) : foreign woman, as technical term, in Proverbs, for harlot (perhaps because harlots were originally chiefly foreigners) ―BDB.
              ‏‏‏‏‏ אֲמָרֶיהָ (ʾᵃmārêhā) : plural of ‏‏‏‏‏אֵמֶר (ʾēmer) + pronominal 3 f.s. suffix : her words.
              ‏‏‏‏‏הֶחֱלִיקָה (heḥᵉlı̂qāh) : Hiphil perfect 3 f.s. of ‏‏‏‏‏חָלַק (ḥālaq) : she has made smooth.
              .

              Comment


              • #97
                Proverbs 2:17a

                Text (BHS):
                הַעֹזֶבֶת אַלּוּף נְעוּרֶיהָ

                Transliteration (Accordance):
                haʿōzeḇeṯ ʾallûp̱ nᵉʿûrêhā

                Translation (Waltke):
                who abandons the companion of her youth

                Glossary & Analysis (meanings in this context):
                ‏‏‏‏‏הַעֹזֶבֶת (haʿōzeḇeṯ) : definite article ‏‏‏‏‏הַ (ha) + Qal participle f.s. of ‏‏‏‏‏עָזַב (ʿāzaḇ) : who forsakes.
                ‏‏‏‏‏אַלּוּף (ʾallûp̱) : construct : the companion of.
                ‏‏‏‏‏נְעוּרֶיהָ (nᵉʿûrêhā) : abstract plural (IBHS, pp. 120=21, §7.4.2a, b) ‏‏‏‏‏נְעוּרִים (nᵉʿûrêm) + pronominal 3 f.s. suffix : her youth.

                Comment


                • #98
                  Proverbs 2:17b

                  Text (BHS):
                  וְאֶת־בְּרִית אֱלֹהֶיהָ שָׁכֵחָה

                  Transliteration (Accordance):
                  wᵉʾeṯ-bᵉrı̂ṯ ʾᵉlōhêhā šāḵēḥāh

                  Translation (Waltke):
                  and forgets her covenant with God*
                  *The pronominal suffix modifies "covenant," not "God" (GKC, #135n). However, , since elsewhere God authors covenants and people accept them, he is the author of her obligations. The LXX omits the pronominal suffix. Fichtner (BHS) unnecessarily emends to ʾhᵒlāh "her tent," investing it with the meaning of ḥuppātāh "her covering, tent."

                  Glossary & Analysis (meanings in this context):
                  ‏‏‏‏‏וְאֶת־בְּרִית אֱלֹהֶיהָ (wᵉʾeṯ-bᵉrı̂ṯ ʾᵉlōhêhā) : conj. ‏‏‏‏‏וְ (wᵉ) + direct object indicator אֶת־ (eṯ-) + construct ‏‏‏‏‏בְּרִית (bᵉrı̂ṯ) + plural noun ‏‏‏‏‏אֱלֹהִים (ʾᵉlōhı̂m) + pronominal 3 f.s. suffix : and the covenant of her God.
                  ‏‏‏‏‏שָׁכֵחָה (šāḵēḥāh) : Hiphil perfect 3 f.s. of ‏‏‏‏‏שָׁכַח (šāḵaḥ) : she forgets.

                  Comment


                  • #99
                    Proverbs 2:18a

                    Text (BHS):
                    כִּי שָׁחָה אֶל־מָוֶת בֵּיתָהּ

                    Transliteration (Accordance):
                    kı̂ šāḥāh ʾel-māweṯ bêṯāh

                    Translation (REB):
                    Surely,* her house is the way down to death
                    *The clausal adverb emphasizes the clause itself because it exhibits no evident logical link to the preceding clause (IBHS, P. 665, §39.3.4e).

                    Glossary & Analysis (meanings in this context):
                    ‏‏‏‏‏כִּי (kı̂) : conjunction surely.
                    ‏‏‏‏‏שָׁחָה (šāḥāh) : hapax legomenon : read ‏‏‏‏‏שׁוּחַ (šûaḥ) (BDB & HALOT) : sinks down.
                    ‏‏‏‏‏אֶל־מָוֶת (ʾel-māweṯ) : preposition ‏‏‏‏‏אֶל־ (ʾel-) + noun מָוֶת (māweṯ) : to death.
                    בֵּיתָהּ (bêṯāh) : noun בַּיִת (bayiṯ) + pronominal 3 f.s. suffix : her house.

                    Comment


                    • Proverbs 2:18b

                      Text (BHS):
                      וְאֶל־רְפָאִים מַעְגְּלֹתֶיהָ

                      Transliteration (Accordance):
                      wᵉʾel-rᵉp̱āʾı̂m maʿgᵉlōṯêhā

                      Translation (Waltke):
                      and her tracks to the realm of the dead

                      Glossary & Analysis (meanings in this context):
                      ‏‏‏‏‏וְאֶל־רְפָאִים (wᵉʾel-rᵉp̱āʾı̂m) : conj. ‏‏‏‏‏וְ (wᵉ) + prep. ‏‏‏‏‏אֶל (el) + plural noun רְפָאִים (rᵉp̱āʾı̂m) (by most connected with the above √ [root or stem] רָפָה (sink, relax) as sunken, powerless ones; wisdom literature and later, name of dead in שְׁאוֹל (Shᵉ‘ôl,) : and to the shades/ghosts (BDB).
                      מַעְגְּלֹתֶיהָ (maʿgᵉlōṯêhā) : plural of מַעְגָּל (maʿgāl) (track of wagon, figurative = course of action or life) + pronominal 3 f.s. suffix : her tracks, way of life (BDB).



                      Comment


                      • Proverbs 2:19a

                        Text (BHS):
                        כָּל־בָּאֶיהָ לֹא יְשׁוּבוּן

                        Transliteration (Accordance):
                        kol-bāʾêhā lōʾ yᵉšûḇûn

                        Translation (Waltke):
                        all who enter into her will not return

                        Glossary & Analysis (meanings in this context):
                        ‏‏‏‏‏כָּל־בָּאֶיהָ (kol-bāʾêhā) : construct of ‏‏‏‏‏כֹּל (ḵōl) + Qal m.p. participle of ‏‏‏‏‏בּוֹא (bôʾ) + pronominal 3 f.s. suffix (a powerful image for coire cum femina, making the woman herself the orifice to death - Waltke) : all who go into her.
                        ‏‏‏‏‏לֹא יְשׁוּבוּן (lōʾ yᵉšûḇûn) : negation ‏‏‏‏‏לֹא (lōʾ) + Qal imperfect 3 m.p. of ‏‏‏שׁוּב (šûḇ) : none will come back.

                        Comment


                        • Proverbs 2:19b

                          Text (BHS):
                          וְלֹא־יַשִּׂיגוּ אָרְחוֹת חַיִּים

                          Transliteration (Accordance):
                          wᵉlōʾ-yaśśı̂g̱û ʾorḥôṯ ḥayyı̂m

                          Translation (Waltke):
                          and they will not reach the paths of life

                          Glossary & Analysis (meanings in this context):
                          ‏‏‏‏‏וְלֹא־יַשִּׂיגוּ (wᵉlōʾ-yaśśı̂g̱û) : conjunction ‏‏‏‏‏וְ (wᵉ) + negation ‏‏‏‏‏לֹא (lōʾ) + Hiphil imperfect 3 m.p. of נָשַׂג (nāśag̱) : and they will not reach.
                          ‏‏‏‏‏אָרְחוֹת חַיִּים (ʾorḥôṯ ḥayyı̂m) : plural of ‏‏‏‏‏אֹרַח (ʾōraḥ) + plural abstract ‏‏‏‏‏חַיִּים (ḥayyı̂m) : the paths of life.

                          Comment


                          • Proverbs 2:20a

                            Text (BHS):
                            לְמַעַן תֵּלֵךְ בְּדֶרֶךְ טוֹבִים

                            Transliteration (Accordance):
                            lᵉmaʿan tēlēḵ bᵉḏereḵ ṭôḇı̂m

                            Translation (Waltke):
                            and so you will walk in the way of good people

                            Glossary & Analysis (meanings in this context):
                            לְמַעַן תֵּלֵךְ (lᵉmaʿan tēlēḵ) : conj. לְמַעַן (lᵉmaʿan) + Qal imperfect 2 m.s. of הָלַךְ (hālaḵ) : and so you will walk.
                            בְּדֶרֶךְ טוֹבִים (bᵉḏereḵ ṭôḇı̂m) : prep. בְּ (bᵉ) + construct דֶּרֶךְ (dereḵ) + plural of טוֹב (ṭôḇ) : good people.

                            Comment


                            • Proverbs 2:20b

                              Text (BHS):
                              וְאָרְחוֹת צַדִּיקִים תִּשְׁמֹר

                              Transliteration (Accordance):
                              wᵉʾorḥôṯ ṣaddı̂qı̂m tišmōr

                              Translation (Waltke):
                              and the paths of the righteous you will keep

                              Glossary & Analysis (meanings in this context):
                              וְאָרְחוֹת צַדִּיקִים (wᵉʾorḥôṯ ṣaddı̂qı̂m) : conj. וְ (wᵉ) + plural construct of אֹרַח (ʾōraḥ) + plural of צַדִּיק (ṣaddı̂q) : and the paths of the righteous.
                              תִּשְׁמֹר (tišmōr) : Qal imperfect 2 m.s. of שָׁמַר (šāmar) : you will keep.

                              Comment


                              • Proverbs 2:21a

                                Text (BHS):
                                כִּי־יְשָׁרִים יִשְׁכְּנוּ־אָרֶץ

                                Transliteration (Accordance):
                                kı̂-yᵉšārı̂m yiškᵉnû-ʾāreṣ

                                Translation (Waltke):
                                surely the upright will dwell in the land

                                Glossary & Analysis (meanings in this context):
                                כִּי־יְשָׁרִים (kı̂-yᵉšārı̂m) : adverb כִּי (kı̂) + adjective plural of יָשָׁר (yāšār) : surely the upright.
                                יִשְׁכְּנוּ־אָרֶץ (yiškᵉnû-ʾāreṣ) : Qal imperfect 3 m.p. of שָׁכַן (šāḵan) + pausal vocalization of אֶרֶץ (ʾereṣ) : will dwell in the land.

                                Comment

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