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Biblical Languages 301 Guidelines

This is where we come to delve into the biblical text. Theology is not our foremost thought, but we realize it is something that will be dealt with in nearly every conversation. Feel free to use the original languages to make your point (meaning Greek, Hebrew, and Aramaic). This is an exegetical discussion area, so please limit topics to purely biblical ones.

This is not the section for debates between theists and atheists. While a theistic viewpoint is not required for discussion in this area, discussion does presuppose a respect for the integrity of the Biblical text (or the willingness to accept such a presupposition for discussion purposes) and a respect for the integrity of the faith of others and a lack of an agenda to undermine the faith of others.

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John 13-17

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  • John Reece
    replied
    John 16:30

    Text: (NA27):
    νῦν οἴδαμεν ὅτι οἶδας πάντα καὶ οὐ χρείαν ἔχεις ἵνα τίς σε ἐρωτᾷ· ἐν τούτῳ πιστεύομεν ὅτι ἀπὸ θεοῦ ἐξῆλθες.

    Transliteration (Accordance):
    nyn oidamen hoti oidas panta kai ou chreian echeis hina tis se erōta̧; en toutō̧ pisteuomen hoti apo theou exēlthes.

    Translation (NRSV):
    Now we know that you know all things, and do not need to have anyone question you; by this we believe that you came from God.”

    Analysis (Zerwick/BDAG):
    χρεία : need, necessity ; χρείαν ἔχεις have need of, need.
    ἵνα : for infinitive (explaining or qualifying χρείαν).
    ἐρωτᾷ : subjunctive (same form as present indicative) of ἐρωτάω ask, question.
    ἐν : causal, an extension of instrumental use, ἐν τούτῳ because of this (retrospective).

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  • John Reece
    replied
    John 16:29

    Text: (NA27):
    Λέγουσιν οἱ μαθηταὶ αὐτοῦ· ἴδε νῦν ἐν παρρησίᾳ λαλεῖς καὶ παροιμίαν οὐδεμίαν λέγεις.

    Transliteration (Accordance):
    Legousin hoi mathētai autou; ide nyn en parrēsia̧ laleis kai paroimian oudemian legeis.

    Translation (NRSV):
    His disciples said, “Yes, now you are speaking plainly, not in any figure of speech!

    Analysis (Zerwick/BDAG):
    ἴδε : aorist imperative of ὁράω, as exclamation = ἰδού.
    παρρησία : frankness, plainness of speech.
    παροιμία : (< πάροιμος by the way) a common saying, proverb ; in John, simile, hidden saying = Synoptic παραβολή.
    οὐδεμίαν : accusative singular feminine of οὐδείς.

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  • John Reece
    replied
    John 16:28

    Text: (NA27):
    ἐξῆλθον παρὰ τοῦ πατρὸς καὶ ἐλήλυθα εἰς τὸν κόσμον· πάλιν ἀφίημι τὸν κόσμον καὶ πορεύομαι πρὸς τὸν πατέρα.

    Transliteration (Accordance):
    exēlthon para tou patros kai elēlytha eis ton kosmon; palin aphiēmi ton kosmon kai poreuomai pros ton patera.

    Translation (NRSV):
    I came from the Father and have come into the world; again, I am leaving the world and am going to the Father.

    Analysis (Zerwick/BDAG):
    ἐλήλυθα : perfect of ἔρχομαι come.
    ἀφίημι : I am leaving.

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  • John Reece
    replied
    John 16:27

    Text: (NA27):
    αὐτὸς γὰρ ὁ πατὴρ φιλεῖ ὑμᾶς, ὅτι ὑμεῖς ἐμὲ πεφιλήκατε καὶ πεπιστεύκατε ὅτι ἐγὼ παρὰ [τοῦ] θεοῦ ἐξῆλθον.

    Transliteration (Accordance):
    autos gar ho patēr philei hymas, hoti hymeis eme pephilēkate kai pepisteukate hoti egō para [tou] theou exēlthon.

    Translation (NRSV):
    for the Father himself loves you, because you have loved me and have believed that I came from God.

    Analysis (Zerwick/BDAG):
    αὐτὸς ... πατὴρ : the Father loves you himself.
    φιλέω : hold in affection, love.
    πεφιλήκατε : perfect of φιλέω.
    πεπιστεύκατε : perfect of πιστεύω believe.
    ἐξῆλθον : came from.

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  • John Reece
    replied
    John 16:26

    Text: (NA27):
    ἐν ἐκείνῃ τῇ ἡμέρᾳ ἐν τῷ ὀνόματί μου αἰτήσεσθε, καὶ οὐ λέγω ὑμῖν ὅτι ἐγὼ ἐρωτήσω τὸν πατέρα περὶ ὑμῶν

    Transliteration (Accordance):
    en ekeinȩ̄ tȩ̄ hēmera̧ en tō̧ onomati mou aitēsesthe, kai ou legō hymin hoti egō erōtēsō ton patera peri hymōn

    Translation (NRSV):
    On that day you will ask in my name. I do not say to you that I will ask the Father on your behalf

    Analysis (Zerwick/BDAG):
    αἰτήσεσθε : future middle of αἰτέω to ask for, with a claim on receipt of an answer, ask, ask for.
    ἐρωτήσω : future of ἐρωτάω to ask for something, ask, request.
    περί : for ὑπέρ (with genitive) on your behalf, for.

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  • John Reece
    replied
    John 16:25

    Text: (NA27):
    Ταῦτα ἐν παροιμίαις λελάληκα ὑμῖν· ἔρχεται ὥρα ὅτε οὐκέτι ἐν παροιμίαις λαλήσω ὑμῖν, ἀλλὰ παρρησίᾳ περὶ τοῦ πατρὸς ἀπαγγελῶ ὑμῖν.

    Transliteration (Accordance):
    Tauta en paroimiais lelalēka hymin; erchetai hōra hote ouketi en paroimiais lalēsō hymin, alla parrēsia̧ peri tou patros apaggelō hymin.

    Translation (NRSV):
    I have said these things to you in figures of speech. The hour is coming when I will no longer speak to you in figures, but will tell you plainly of the Father.

    Analysis (Zerwick/BDAG):
    παροιμία : (< πάροιμος by the way) a common saying, proverb ; in John, simile, hidden saying = Synoptic παραβολή.
    λελάληκα : perfect of λαλέω speak.
    λαλήσω : future of λαλέω speak.
    παρρησίᾳ : plainly, frankly.
    ἀπαγγελῶ : future of ἀπαγγέλλω announce, tell.

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  • John Reece
    replied
    John 16:24

    Text: (NA27):
    ἕως ἄρτι οὐκ ᾐτήσατε οὐδὲν ἐν τῷ ὀνόματί μου· αἰτεῖτε καὶ λήμψεσθε, ἵνα ἡ χαρὰ ὑμῶν ᾖ πεπληρωμένη.

    Transliteration (Accordance):
    heōs arti ouk ȩ̄tēsate ouden en tō̧ onomati mou; aiteite kai lēmpsesthe, hina hē chara hymōn ȩ̄ peplērōmenē.

    Translation (NRSV):
    Until now you have not asked for anything in my name. Ask and you will receive, so that your joy may be complete.

    Analysis (Zerwick/BDAG):
    ἕως ἄρτι : up to now.
    ᾐτήσατε : aorist of αἰτέω ask.
    αἰτεῖτε : imperative of αἰτέω.
    λήμψεσθε : future of λαμβάνω receive.
    : subjunctive of εἰμί be.
    πεπληρωμένη : perfect passive participle of πληρόω make full, complete.

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  • John Reece
    replied
    John 16:23

    Text: (NA27):
    Καὶ ἐν ἐκείνῃ τῇ ἡμέρᾳ ἐμὲ οὐκ ἐρωτήσετε οὐδέν. ἀμὴν ἀμὴν λέγω ὑμῖν, ἄν τι αἰτήσητε τὸν πατέρα ἐν τῷ ὀνόματί μου δώσει ὑμῖν.

    Transliteration (Accordance):
    Kai en ekeinȩ̄ tȩ̄ hēmera̧ eme ouk erōtēsete ouden. amēn amēn legō hymin, an ti aitēsēte ton patera en tō̧ onomati mou dōsei hymin.

    Translation (NRSV):
    On that day you will ask nothing of me. Very truly, I tell you, if you ask anything of the Father in my name, he will give it to you.

    Analysis (Zerwick/BDAG):
    ἐρωτήσετε : future of ἐρωτάω ask.
    ἄν = ἐάν if.
    αἰτήσητε : aorist subjunctive of αἰτέω (τί) (τινα) ask (one) for (something).
    ἐν τῷ ὀνόματί μου : i.e. in union with/in the spirit of Jesus.
    δώσει : future of δίδωμι give.

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  • John Reece
    replied
    John 16:22

    Text: (NA27):
    καὶ ὑμεῖς οὖν νῦν μὲν λύπην ἔχετε· πάλιν δὲ ὄψομαι ὑμᾶς, καὶ χαρήσεται ὑμῶν ἡ καρδία, καὶ τὴν χαρὰν ὑμῶν οὐδεὶς αἴρει ἀφ᾿ ὑμῶν.

    Transliteration (Accordance):
    kai hymeis oun nyn men lypēn echete; palin de opsomai hymas, kai charēsetai hymōn hē kardia, kai tēn charan hymōn oudeis airei aph’ hymōn.

    Translation (NRSV):
    So you have pain now; but I will see you again, and your hearts will rejoice, and no one will take your joy from you.

    Analysis (Zerwick/BDAG):
    καὶ ὑμεῖς οὖν : so you also, so in your case.
    μέν ... δέ : roughly equivalent to "on the one hand...on the other (hand)" or "...indeed...but", or "while...yet".
    ὄψομαι : future of ὁράω see.

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  • John Reece
    replied
    John 16:21

    Text: (NA27):
    ἡ γυνὴ ὅταν τίκτῃ λύπην ἔχει, ὅτι ἦλθεν ἡ ὥρα αὐτῆς· ὅταν δὲ γεννήσῃ τὸ παιδίον, οὐκέτι μνημονεύει τῆς θλίψεως διὰ τὴν χαρὰν ὅτι ἐγεννήθη ἄνθρωπος εἰς τὸν κόσμον.

    Transliteration (Accordance):
    hē gynē hotan tiktȩ̄ lypēn echei, hoti ēlthen hē hōra autēs; hotan de gennēsȩ̄ to paidion, ouketi mnēmoneuei tēs thlipseōs dia tēn charan hoti egennēthē anthrōpos eis ton kosmon.

    Translation (NRSV):
    When a woman is in labor, she has pain, because her hour has come. But when her child is born, she no longer remembers the anguish because of the joy of having brought a human being into the world.

    Analysis (Zerwick/BDAG):
    τίκτῃ : subjunctive of τίκτω bear, give birth.
    γεννήσῃ : aorist subjunctive of γεννάω beget, hence give birth to.
    παιδίον : (diminutive of παῖς) child.
    οὐκέτι : no longer.
    μνημονεύω : remember.
    θλῖψις : (< θλίβω press) pressure ; oppression, affliction, suffering, tribulation.
    ἐγεννήθη : has been born, aorist passive of γεννάω.

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  • John Reece
    replied
    John 16:20

    Text: (NA27):
    ἀμὴν ἀμὴν λέγω ὑμῖν ὅτι κλαύσετε καὶ θρηνήσετε ὑμεῖς, ὁ δὲ κόσμος χαρήσεται· ὑμεῖς λυπηθήσεσθε, ἀλλ᾿ ἡ λύπη ὑμῶν εἰς χαρὰν γενήσεται.

    Transliteration (Accordance):
    amēn amēn legō hymin hoti klausete kai thrēnēsete hymeis, ho de kosmos charēsetai; hymeis lypēthēsesthe, all’ hē lypē hymōn eis charan genēsetai.

    Translation (NRSV):
    Very truly, I tell you, you will weep and mourn, but the world will rejoice; you will have pain, but your pain will turn into joy.

    Analysis (Zerwick/BDAG):
    κλαύσετε : future of κλαίω weep.
    θρηνήσετε : future of θρηνέω mourn, lament.
    χαρήσεται : future of χαίρω rejoice, be glad.
    λυπηθήσεσθε : future passive of λυπέω sadden, grieve.
    λύπη : pain, sorrow, grief.
    εἰς : with predicate a Hebraism (cf. English "turn into").
    χαρά : joy.
    γενήσεται : future of γίνομαι become.

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  • John Reece
    replied
    John 16:19

    Text: (NA27):
    Ἔγνω [ὁ] Ἰησοῦς ὅτι ἤθελον αὐτὸν ἐρωτᾶν, καὶ εἶπεν αὐτοῖς· περὶ τούτου ζητεῖτε μετ᾿ ἀλλήλων ὅτι εἶπον· μικρὸν καὶ οὐ θεωρεῖτέ με, καὶ πάλιν μικρὸν καὶ ὄψεσθέ με;

    Transliteration (Accordance):
    Egnō [ho] Iēsous hoti ēthelon auton erōtan, kai eipen autois; peri toutou zēteite met’ allēlōn hoti eipon; mikron kai ou theōreite me, kai palin mikron kai opsesthe me?

    Translation (NRSV):
    Jesus knew that they wanted to ask him, so he said to them, “Are you discussing among yourselves what I meant when I said, ‘A little while, and you will no longer see me, and again a little while, and you will see me’?

    Analysis (Zerwick/BDAG):
    ἔγνω : aorist 3rd singular of γινώσκω know.
    ἤθελον : imperfect of θέλω desire, want.
    ἐρωτᾶν : infinitive of ἐρωτάω ask, request.
    τούτο : refers to what follows.
    ζητεῖτε (ζητέω) μετ᾿ ἀλλήλων (= συνζητεῖτε) : are you discussing/debating with the idea of "seeking" the meaning.

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  • John Reece
    replied
    John 16:18

    Text: (NA27):
    ἔλεγον οὖν· τί ἐστιν τοῦτο [ὃ λέγει] τὸ μικρόν; οὐκ οἴδαμεν τί λαλεῖ.

    Transliteration (Accordance):
    elegon oun; ti estin touto [ho legei] to mikron? ouk oidamen ti lalei.

    Translation (NRSV):
    They said, “What does he mean by this ‘a little while’? We do not know what he is talking about.”

    Analysis (Zerwick/BDAG):
    ἔλεγον : imperfect of λέγω say.
    τό : used to introduce a quotation: here μικρόν (verse 16).
    τί λαλεῖ : what he is talking about, what he means.

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  • John Reece
    replied
    John 16:17

    Text: (NA27):
    εἶπαν οὖν ἐκ τῶν μαθητῶν αὐτοῦ πρὸς ἀλλήλους· τί ἐστιν τοῦτο ὃ λέγει ἡμῖν· μικρὸν καὶ οὐ θεωρεῖτέ με, καὶ πάλιν μικρὸν καὶ ὄψεσθέ με; καί· ὅτι ὑπάγω πρὸς τὸν πατέρα;

    Transliteration (Accordance):
    eipan oun ek tōn mathētōn autou pros allēlous; ti estin touto ho legei hēmin; mikron kai ou theōreite me, kai palin mikron kai opsesthe me? kai; hoti hypagō pros ton patera?

    Translation (NRSV):
    Then some of his disciples said to one another, “What does he mean by saying to us, ‘A little while, and you will no longer see me, and again a little while, and you will see me’; and ‘Because I am going to the Father’?”

    Analysis (Zerwick/BDAG):
    εἶπαν = εἶπον aorist of λέγω say.
    ἐκ τῶν μαθητῶν αὐτοῦ : (some) of his disciples said.
    πρὸς ἀλλήλους : to one another.
    τί ἐστιν; : what does...mean? Semitic having no equivalent of "mean".
    ὅτι ὑπάγω πρὸς τὸν πατέρα : i.e., Jesus' going to the Father vindicates the justice of his cause.

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  • John Reece
    replied
    John 16:16

    Text: (NA27):
    Μικρὸν καὶ οὐκέτι θεωρεῖτέ με, καὶ πάλιν μικρὸν καὶ ὄψεσθέ με.

    Transliteration (Accordance):
    Mikron kai ouketi theōreite me, kai palin mikron kai opsesthe me.

    Translation (NRSV):
    A little while, and you will no longer see me, and again a little while, and you will see me.

    Analysis (Zerwick/BDAG):
    μικρόν : (neuter of μικρός small) adverbial, a little. ; of time.
    οὐκέτι : no longer
    θεωρέω : see, futuristic present.

    Leave a comment:

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